Penjelasan Materi Instructions/Commands dan Prohibitons Bahasa Inggris
Untuk Kelas 8
pasteradss
Daftar
Isi
Pengertian
Instructions
Contoh-Contoh
Kalimat Instructions dan Prohibitions
Contoh
dan Latihan Soal Giving Instructions and Prohibitions
Summary.
Perhatikan
percakapan giving instructions and prohibitions dibawah ini:
Ghania : Mum, it’s the first snow. I
want to go outside and play.
Mrs.
Mukti : Okay. Put on your jacket.
It
must be really cold. And put
on
your boots so your toes
won’t
freeze.
Ghania : Mum, it’s freezing. I can’t feel
my hands.
Mrs.
Mukti : Get the gloves out of the
closet. Don’t forget your
earmuffs and scarf.
Ghania : Can I play and build
a snowman?
Mrs.
Mukti : Okay, but don’t be too long.
We don’t want you to catch
a cold.
Ghania : Okay. It won’t take long.
Lihatlah
kalimat yang ditebalkan pada percakapan diatas, kalimat tersebut merupakan
kalimat ekspresi instrutions dan prohibitions.
Instructions.
Put on your jacket. Pakai
Jaketmu.
Put in your boots. Pakai
sepatu bootmu.
Prohibitions.
Don’t
be too long. Jangan terlalu lama.
Pengertian Instructions dan Prohibitions
Instruction
is expressions to ask (command) someone to do something, we use instruction.
And to ask (command) someone not to do something, we use prohibition.
Jadi
instructions atau commands adalah kalimat instruksi atau perintah
dan sebaliknya kita menggunakan ungkapan prohibitions untuk melarang.
Contoh-Contoh Kalimat Instructions dan Prohibitions
Berikut
beberapa contoh ekspresi-ekspresi instructions atau prohibitions.
| Instructions/Commands | Prohibition |
|---|
Come here.
Kemari.
Open your book.
Buka bukumu.
Wipe the whiteboard.
Lap papan tulisnya.
Hand in your book.
Serahkan bukumu.
Submit your work.
Serahkan pekerjaanmu.
Stand up.
Berdiri
Listen to me.
Dengarkan saya. | Don’t close the door.
Jangan tutup pintunya.
Don’t make a noise.
Jangan berisik.
Don’t shout.
Jangan berteriak.
Don’t play truant.
Jangan membolos.
Don’t step on the grass.
Jangan injak rumputnya.
Don’t joke around.
Jangan bercanda.
Don’t open the window.
Jangan buka jendelanya. |
Jika
dilihat dari contoh ekspresi-ekspresi di atas kita menggunakan kalimat imperative.
Imperative sentence adalah salah satu bentuk kalimat dalam
bahasa Inggris yang digunakan untuk memberikan instruksi, saran, perintah, dan
semacamnya.
Berikut
dibawah ini adalah ekspresi-ekspresi Instuction and Prohibitions dengan
Responnya.
| Instructions/Commands (Imperative) |
|---|
| 1. To give an order | “Clean the blackboard.”
“Water the plant.”
“Shut the door.” |
| 2. To make a polite request (asking someone to do something), add, please. | “Please, sit down.”
“Come in, please.”
“Please, be quiet.” |
| Prohibitions (Negative Imperative) |
| We always use don’t before the verb. | “Don’t open the window.”
“Don’t shout!” |
| Responding to Instructions/Commands and Prohibition |
Agreeing
a. Okay.
b. All right.
c. Sure.
d. No problem.
e. Of course, I will | Refusing
a. I’m afraid I can’t.
b. I’m sorry, but I can’t. |
Kita
dapat menggunakan modals dan adverb (Please), agar kalimat instructions
terdengar lebih sopan.
Rumusnya:
Menggunakan
adverb “Please”
Please,+instructions/Commands
Please, close the door.
Menggunakan
modals “Could”
Could
+you+ instructions/commands
Could you close the door?
Menggunakan
“Do”
Do+you+mind+V-ing+Object
Do you mind closing
the door.
Menggunakan
modals “Would”
Would+you+mind+V-ing+Object
Would you mind closing
the door.
Would+you+mind+not+V-ing+Object
Would you mind not
leaving the door open.
Selain ekspresi instruction dan prohibition diatas ada juga ekspresi yang secara tidak langsung seperti di bawah ini:
Indirect Instructions and prohibitions
(you/Name) tell | him
her
them
(Name) | to | come and see me tomorrow
bring the books to the library | |
|---|
| not to | drop litter in the classroom
make noise in the library |
Contoh
dan Latihan Soal Giving Instructions and Prohibitions.
1. . .
. the cap, Ghania! It’s dirty.
A. Don’t
put on
B. Put
on
C. Don’t
push
D. Push
2. . .
. the pan, Ghania! It’s hot.
A. Touch
B. Don’t
touch
C. Put
D. Don’t
put
3. Please
. . . on the available place.
A. eat
and drinks
B. eating
and drinking
C. eat
and drink
D. ate
and drank
4. tell
him . . . on that chair! It’s broken.
A. not
to sitting
B. no
be sitting
C. not
sitting
D. not
to st
5. X
: . . . , your shoes are dirty.
Y : Alright
A. Clean
your shoes.
B. Sweep
the floor.
C. Clean
the wall
D. Get
the socks.
6. X :
Look! The window is very dirty.
. . . , please.
Y : OK, Mum.
A. Sweep
it
B. Forget
it
C. Litter
it
D. Wipe
it
7. X :
It’s hot . . . please.
Y : Sorry, but the fan doesn’t
work.
A. Turn
off the fan.
B. Turn
on the fan.
C. Break
the fan.
D. Open
the fan.
8. X :
Turn on the radio.
Y : . . .
A. Sure
B. I
think so
C. Sometimes
D. You
look great
9. X :
Please take out the trash.
Y : . . . I don’t want
to make the room
stinky.
A. I don’t
want to.
B. That’s
wrong.
C. I
put it here.
D. Alright.
10. Look
at the picture.
The correct command for
the situation is . . .
A. Don’t
do that.
B. Open
the window.
C. Clean
the window.
D. You
must sweep it.
Key Answer
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. C
